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A building that is 235 feet tall casts a shadow of various lengths x as the day goes by. An angle of elevation is formed by lines from the top and bottom of the building to the tip of the shadow.

235 ft
Find the rate of change (in radians per foot) of the angle of elevation when d0/dx when x = 286 feet. (Round your answer to five decimal places.)

X radians per foot
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User Bartocc
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1 Answer

4 votes

Answer:

To solve this problem, we can use trigonometry and differentiation. Let θ be the angle of elevation formed by the lines from the top and bottom of the building to the tip of the shadow. Then, we have:

tan(θ) = height of building / length of shadow

Differentiating both sides with respect to x, we get:

sec^2(θ) dθ/dx = (-1 / length of shadow^2) (d length of shadow / dx) height of building

Substituting the given values, we get:

sec^2(θ) dθ/dx = (-1 / x^2) (d x / dx) 235

At x = 286, we have:

length of shadow = x + 235 tan(θ)

Differentiating this expression with respect to x, we get:

d length of shadow / dx = 1 + 235 sec^2(θ) dθ/dx

Substituting this into the previous equation and simplifying, we get:

dθ/dx = - x^2 / (235 (x + 235 tan(θ)))

At x = 286, we have:

length of shadow = 286 + 235 tan(θ)

tan(θ) = height of building / length of shadow = 235 / (286 + 235 tan(θ))

Solving for tan(θ), we get:

tan(θ) = 235 / (286 + 235 tan(θ))

tan(θ) (286 + 235 tan(θ)) = 235

235 tan^2(θ) + 286 tan(θ) - 235 = 0

Using the quadratic formula, we get:

tan(θ) = 0.470835 or -1.00084

Since the angle of elevation is positive, we take:

tan(θ) = 0.470835

Substituting this into the expression for dθ/dx, we get:

dθ/dx = - 286^2 / (235 (286 + 235 (0.470835)))

Simplifying this expression, we get:

dθ/dx ≈ -0.00074675 radians per foot (rounded to five decimal places)

Therefore, the rate of change of the angle of elevation at x = 286 feet is approximately -0.00074675 radians per foot.