Final answer:
Approximately 42.42% of the electrical energy used by the mixer is converted to internal energy in the cookie dough. The remaining 57.58% is likely lost as heat to the surroundings, including the mixer, air, and possibly through sound and vibrations.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question asks us to determine what fraction of the electrical energy used by an electric hand mixer is converted to internal energy in cookie dough and to discuss the fate of the remainder of the energy. First, we calculate the total electrical energy consumed by the mixer. The power consumed by the mixer can be calculated as Power = Voltage × Current, which is 110 volts × 1.5 amperes = 165 watts. Since the mixer is used for 5 minutes, the total electrical energy used is Energy = Power × Time, which is 165 watts × 300 seconds = 49,500 joules (since there are 60 seconds in a minute).
Next, we determine the amount of energy that went into heating the dough. The energy required to increase the temperature of the dough is given by Energy = Mass × Specific heat capacity × Temperature change, which is 1 kg × 4.2 kJ/kg°C × 5°C = 21 kJ, or 21,000 joules. The fraction of energy converted to the dough's internal energy is then 21,000 joules / 49,500 joules ≈ 0.4242 or approximately 42.42%. The remainder of the energy, which is roughly 57.58%, would have been lost as heat to the surroundings, including the mixer itself and the air, as well as possible sound and vibration energy.