Final answer:
Shafer-Landau's criticisms of Natural Law Theory demonstrate a clear misunderstanding of the theory, particularly regarding the role of God and the establishment of human behavior. The criticisms also fail to recognize the focus of Natural Law Theory on natural laws rather than promoting what is natural or unnatural.
Step-by-step explanation:
Shafer-Landau's criticisms of Natural Law Theory, although articulating different viewpoints, exhibit a clear misunderstanding of the theory. His first criticism is that the alleged natural moral order does not require belief in a God, contradicting the central premise of Natural Law Theory which asserts that the order in nature is divinely inspired. Additionally, Shafer-Landau questions the establishment of laws of behavior for human beings based on the inherent nature of Homo sapiens, arguing that much of human behavior is shaped by the environment. However, Natural Law Theory acknowledges that human behavior is influenced by both nature and nurture.