Answer:
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The answer is A. defeated the Shang in battle. Emperor Yu, also known as Yu the Great, is considered the founder of the Xia Dynasty, the first dynasty in ancient China. According to legend, he gained the trust of the people by successfully controlling the floods and then defeated the Shang dynasty in battle to establish his rule. There is debate among scholars about the actual existence of the Xia Dynasty and the role of Emperor Yu, but the Xia Dynasty is widely regarded as the beginning of China's historical period. The invention of the wheel, the theory of the Mandate of Heaven, and the introduction of irrigation to the Yellow River valley are all important developments in ancient China, but they occurred at different times and were not directly linked to the founding of the Xia Dynasty by Emperor Yu.
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