The term for the process by which mRNA is used to make a protein is "translation".
Translation is a key process in gene expression, whereby the sequence of nucleotides in mRNA is read and used to synthesize a protein. During translation, the mRNA is read by ribosomes, which use the sequence of nucleotides to assemble a specific sequence of amino acids into a protein. The sequence of amino acids determines the structure and function of the protein, and ultimately its role in the cell or organism.
The process of translation involves a complex series of steps, including the recognition and binding of mRNA by ribosomes, the selection and assembly of amino acids, and the folding and modification of the protein. Understanding the process of translation is essential for understanding the fundamental workings of cells and organisms, and has important implications for fields such as biotechnology and medicine.