A constant population in the face of high fertility rates may seem counterintuitive, but it is possible under certain conditions. The most important factor is the rate of mortality, which can offset the high birth rate. If the death rate is high enough, it can balance out the birth rate and keep the population constant.
For example, in pre-industrial societies, high fertility rates were common, but so were high mortality rates due to disease, malnutrition, and other factors. As a result, population growth was slow, if at all.
Other factors that can help keep the population constant include emigration, which can reduce the number of people in an area, and contraception, which can limit the number of births.
However, a constant population is not necessarily desirable, especially if it is accompanied by high infant and child mortality rates, which can indicate poor living conditions and inadequate healthcare. Additionally, high fertility rates can strain resources and lead to overpopulation, which can have negative social and environmental consequences.
In conclusion, while a constant population may be possible through high fertility rates, it is not necessarily a desirable outcome. Addressing issues such as infant and child mortality, improving healthcare, and promoting responsible family planning can help create a more sustainable population growth rate.