Final answer:
The HUAC investigated Hollywood to uncover communist influences in the film industry, issuing subpoenas and creating the notorious Hollywood blacklist that greatly impacted the careers of many in the industry.
Step-by-step explanation:
The House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) was established to investigate claims of disloyalty and subversive activities among private citizens, particularly to uncover communist influences in various sectors, including Hollywood. During the post-World War II period, HUAC turned its attention to the film industry due to concerns that motion pictures could be used as vehicles for pro-Soviet propaganda. The committee conducted hearings, subpoenaed witnesses, and created a tension that led to blacklisting of individuals within the industry accused of having Communist affiliations.
In September 1947, HUAC issued subpoenas to actors, writers, directors, and other members of the Hollywood film industry. The hearings resulted in the infamous Hollywood blacklist, affecting many careers, forcing some to work under pseudonyms, and largely restricting criticism of the government during this era.