Based on the given options, the sentence from the excerpt of "The Higher Education of Women" that most clearly illustrates the writer’s conclusions about educated women is:
"Women should be given a chance to compete with men in the workplace."
This sentence suggests that the writer believes that women who have received higher education are capable of competing with men in the workplace, and that they should be given the opportunity to do so. This implies that the writer views education as a means of empowering women and enabling them to make valuable contributions in society.