Answer:
One possible technique that the writer used in the sample is **compare/contrast**. This technique involves evoking familiarity by comparing or creating tension and expectation by contrasting. In this case, the writer compares and contrasts heroism with different outcomes, such as being brave and helping others versus not having a happy ending, or facing challenges with determination versus making mistakes. This technique helps to highlight the complexity and diversity of heroism as a concept and a quality.
Another possible technique that the writer used is **quote**. This technique involves making use of the wordsmiths, or using a quotation from an authoritative source to support or introduce a point. In this case, the writer uses a quote from Aristotle at the beginning of the introduction to establish the idea of heroism as bearing with composure one heavy mischance after another. This technique helps to capture the reader's attention and interest, as well as to show credibility and relevance.