Question

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1- In order to investigate and describe applications of Newton’s law of actionreaction, you will obtain a chair with wheels and have one student sit in it.
Considering only the student and the chair, describe an action-reaction force pair.
2- Now consider only the chair. What force(s) act on the chair? What can you
observe about the net force acting on the chair? What is the effect of the net
force exerted on the chair?
3-Next consider only the student. What force(s) act on the student? What can
you observe about the net force acting on the student? What is the effect of
the net force exerted on the student?
4-To further investigate applications of Newton’s law of action-reaction, have
the first student get out of the chair, and the second student should push the
empty chair at a constant, slow velocity across the floor for about a meter.
Considering only the student and the empty chair while they are in motion,
identify and describe an action-reaction force pair.
5-Now consider only the moving chair. What forces are acting on the moving
chair? What can you observe about the net force acting on the chair? What is
the effect of the net force exerted on the chair?
6-Next consider only the student doing the pushing. What forces are acting on
the moving student? What can you observe about the net force acting on the
student? What is the effect of the net force exerted on the student?
7-The second student pushes the empty chair so that it goes faster and faster
for a straight-line distance of about 2 meters. Again, considering only the
student and the chair, identify an action-reaction force pair.
8-Now consider only the chair. What force(s) act on the chair? What can you
observe about the net force acting on the chair? What is the effect of the net
force exerted on the chair?
9-Next consider only the student. What force(s) act on the student? What can
you observe about the net force acting on the student? What is the effect of
the net force acting on the student?
10-Describe how walking is an application of Newton’s law of action-reaction.

Answer 1

1. When the student sits on the chair, they exert a force on the chair in a downward direction. According to Newton's third law, the chair exerts an equal and opposite force on the student in an upward direction. This creates an action-reaction force pair between the student and the chair.

2. The chair experiences two forces: the force of the student's weight acting downward and the force of the ground pushing upward to support the weight of the chair and the student. The net force acting on the chair is zero because the forces are balanced. The chair remains stationary.

3. The student experiences two forces: the force of the chair pushing upward on them and the force of gravity pulling them downward. The net force acting on the student is also zero because the forces are balanced. The student remains stationary.

4. As the second student pushes the empty chair, the student exerts a force on the chair in a forward direction. According to Newton's third law, the chair exerts an equal and opposite force on the student in a backward direction. This creates an action-reaction force pair between the student and the chair.

5. The moving chair experiences two forces: the force of the student pushing it forward and the force of friction between the chair and the ground acting in the opposite direction. The net force acting on the chair is the difference between these two forces, which results in the chair moving with a constant velocity.

6. The moving student experiences two forces: the force of their muscles pushing the chair forward and the force of friction between their feet and the ground acting in the opposite direction. The net force acting on the student is the difference between these two forces, which results in the student moving with the chair.

7. As the second student pushes the empty chair faster, the force they exert on the chair increases. According to Newton's third law, the chair exerts an equal and opposite force on the student in a backward direction. This creates an action-reaction force pair between the student and the chair.

8. The chair experiences two forces: the force of the student pushing it forward and the force of friction between the chair and the ground acting in the opposite direction. The net force acting on the chair is the difference between these two forces, which results in the chair accelerating.

9. The student experiences two forces: the force of the chair pushing backward on them and the force of friction between their feet and the ground acting in the opposite direction. The net force acting on the student is the difference between these two forces, which results in the student accelerating with the chair.

10. Walking is an application of Newton's third law of motion because when you take a step, your foot exerts a force on the ground, and the ground exerts an equal and opposite force on your foot. This force propels you forward, allowing you to walk. Additionally, when you swing your arms while walking, your arm exerts a force on the air, and the air exerts an equal and opposite force on your arm, helping to maintain your balance and stability while walking.