Final answer:
In psychology, extinction, time-out, and response cost are behavioral techniques used for behavior modification. Extinction refers to the gradual decrease of a behavior without reinforcement. Time-out involves removing a child from a desirable activity as a form of negative punishment. Response cost is the removal of a specific reinforcer after undesirable behavior.
Step-by-step explanation:
In psychology, extinction, time-out, and response cost are all behavioral techniques used for behavior modification. Extinction refers to the gradual decrease and eventual disappearance of a behavior due to the lack of reinforcement.
Time-out is a form of negative punishment in which a child is removed from a desirable activity after displaying undesirable behavior. Response cost, on the other hand, involves the removal of a specific reinforcer as a consequence of undesirable behavior.
For example, let's say a child consistently throws tantrums to get attention. If the parent stops responding to the tantrums, the behavior may gradually decrease and eventually stop altogether, which is extinction. If the parent puts the child in a designated time-out area whenever the tantrum occurs, it is time-out. Finally, if the parent takes away a favorite toy every time the child throws a tantrum, it is response cost.