Final answer:
Industry in the South shifted towards industrialization during Reconstruction, with significant growth in the railroad system and the textile industry. These changes sought to diversify the Southern economy, but many investments and resulting profits were controlled by Northern interests. The North continued to develop its industrial base.
Step-by-step explanation:
During the Reconstruction era, the industry in both the North and the South underwent significant changes. The South saw the transformation from a mostly agrarian society to one that began embracing industrialization. The call for a New South emerged, advocating for a diversified economy no longer solely reliant on agriculture.
The rebuilding of the railroad system facilitated transportation and connectivity, increasing by 400 percent during the 1870s and 1880s and matching national standards. The South also became a leading producer of cloth with the advent of the textile industry, employing over 100,000 workers by the century's end.