Final answer:
Analytical chemistry is the study of matter that involves separating, identifying, and quantifying substances within it.
Step-by-step explanation:
The branch of chemistry that focuses on separating, identifying, and quantifying substances in samples of matter is known as analytical chemistry. This field plays a critical role in understanding the composition of matter by using various techniques and instruments to analyze, synthesize, and manipulate substances.
Chemists in this field measure and quantify the presence of different chemicals, allowing us to understand the properties and behavior of different types of matter, from the ingredients in a cake to pharmaceuticals that advance modern medicine.