Final answer:
The query pertains to Chemistry at the College level, concerning caffeine content in coffee, drug detection in urine, and swimming pool water's pH level. The pH level is crucial for safe water for consumption and swimming, while wastewater treatment helps preserve water sources.
Step-by-step explanation:
The questions asked pertain to the subject of Chemistry at the College level, given the complexity and specificity of the topics such as drug detection, caffeine content, and pH levels which typically require an advanced understanding of chemistry principles and analytical techniques.
- The amount of caffeine in a cup of coffee can vary depending on several factors including the type of coffee bean, how it is prepared, and the serving size. However, on average, a cup of coffee contains approximately 95 mg of caffeine.
- Whether drugs are found in an athlete's urine sample is determined through the process of doping control, which involves chemical analysis of the sample to detect the presence of banned substances.
- The pH level of a swimming pool is typically maintained between 7.2 and 7.8 to ensure the water is safe and comfortable for swimmers, minimizing eye and skin irritation.
Understanding the pH level of water is essential for both environmental monitoring and pool maintenance. For example, the pH of the Clackamas River can be indicative of changes in river flow and potential environmental impacts.
Proper treatment of water, such as wastewater treatment, is critical for preserving water sources and ensuring the water remains safe for human consumption.