Final answer:
PMESII-PT represents Political, Military, Economic, Social, Information, Infrastructure, Physical Environment, and Time used to analyze operational environments. Population, sample, experimental units, explanatory variables, response variables, and treatments are concepts used to set up a study in research contexts.
Step-by-step explanation:
The operational variables in PMESII-PT stand for Political, Military, Economic, Social, Information, Infrastructure, Physical Environment, and Time. These are variables used to analyze and understand operational environments in fields such as military strategy and national security.
Population refers to the entire set of individuals or elements under study. The sample is a subset of the population used for the actual study to infer conclusions about the entire population. Experimental units are the smallest entities to which a treatment is applied. In this context, it could be individual groups, equipment, or organizations within a PMESII-PT element.
The explanatory variable (also called the independent variable) is the variable you manipulate to see if it affects the outcome. The response variable (also called the dependent variable) reflects the outcome of applying different treatments. Treatments are the different conditions applied to the experimental units or subjects to understand their effect on the response variable.