Final answer:
The Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) is responsible for the requirement for pesticide registration and for Experimental Use Permits before testing bioengineered plants or microbes in the environment.
Step-by-step explanation:
The requirement for pesticide registration and for Experimental Use Permits before testing bioengineered plants or microbes in the environment is primarily covered under the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA). The FIFRA, administered by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), is the act responsible for the registration of all pesticides legally sold in the United States, which includes biopesticides such as microbial pesticides, biochemical pesticides, and plant-incorporated protectants (PIPs).
It is essential to note that although other acts such as the National Environmental Protection Act, the Toxic Substances Control Act, and the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act also play significant roles in broader environmental safety and chemical regulation, the direct oversight and requirements for pesticide use, including that of biopesticides, fall under the jurisdiction set by FIFRA.