Final answer:
In each chromosome, the identical copies of genetic information are known as chromatids, which are essential for cell division. Genes constitute segments of DNA that code for specific proteins and determine characteristics, while alleles are different versions of these genes affecting traits. The option (D) is correct.
Step-by-step explanation:
The copies of genetic information in each chromosome are called chromatids. During cell division, chromosomes duplicate, and each original chromosome and its copy joined together at a central point called the centromere, are termed chromatids. They are identical copies of chromatin and essential for the equal distribution of genetic material between daughter cells during cell division.
Moreover, the DNA of a chromosome is encoded with genetic instructions in distinct segments called genes. These genes determine specific characteristics by coding for specific proteins. Variants of these genes are known as alleles, and each allele is a different version of a gene that controls traits such as eye color, hair color, etc. Therefore, option (D) is correct.
This question is not complete, Here I am attaching the complete question:
The copies of genetic info. in each chromo. are ____.
A) Genes
B) Nucleotides
C) Alleles
D) Chromatids