Final answer:
When table sugar (sucrose) dissolves in water, hydrogen bonding and polar-polar interactions take place. Covalent bonding does not occur as the covalent bonds within sugar molecules remain intact. The correct type(s) of attraction are I and II only, corresponding to answer A.
Step-by-step explanation:
When table sugar (sucrose, C12H22O11) dissolves in water, the kinds of attractions that occur between water and sugar molecules are hydrogen bonding and polar-polar interactions. There is no covalent bonding taking place between the water molecules and the sugar molecules. Sucrose, being a molecular compound, has its individual sugar molecules held together by intermolecular attractive forces, and these are disrupted when it dissolves in water. However, the covalent bonds within the sugar molecules themselves are not broken.
Hydrogen bonds form between the hydroxyl (–OH) groups of the sucrose and the water molecules, which are highly polar. This makes sugar hydrophilic, meaning it dissolves easily in water. In addition, polar-polar interactions occur due to the polar nature of the sucrose and water molecules, allowing the sugar to fully dissociate into the solution. Therefore, the correct answer to which types of attraction occur between water and sugar molecules when sucrose dissolves in water is A: I and II only.