Final answer:
The appropriate entry for a rescuer when a swimmer is in distress involves a safe, controlled jump or dive to aid the person while minimizing risk. Misconceptions about drowning behaviors and rescue techniques are important to understand for effective and safe rescue operations.
Step-by-step explanation:
When spotting a swimmer in distress at a crowded waterfront, the appropriate entry is determined by assessing the situation and using a method that protects both the rescuer and the victim. First, confirm that the swimmer is indeed in distress, as signs of drowning can be misleading.
The myth that drowning individuals shout and wave for help is inaccurate; often, they are silent and unable to signal effectively due to the instinctive drowning response which involves automatic movements trying to keep their mouth above water.
The proper response involves a safe entry that doesn't put the rescuer at risk. If conditions allow, a compact jump close to the distressed swimmer is suitable, keeping the rescuer's head above the water to maintain visibility and control.
Diving technique plays a role in safe water entries. Just as with the ball catching experiment, where 'giving' with the ball or entering water with a diving hand versus a full palm affects impact, the way a rescuer enters the water can result in different outcomes.
An entry with a large, uncontrolled splash, akin to a belly flop, is dangerous and should be avoided, whereas a streamlined dive, like a hand entering the water fingers first, reduces impact and allows for a quicker and safer approach to the victim.
Upon reaching the victim, rescuers should attempt to calm them down and use proper rescue techniques to escort them to safety. Only once on stable ground should CPR be attempted if necessary, as performing CPR in the water is ineffective and potentially perilous.