Final answer:
The two theories under humanistic theory are Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs, focusing on self-actualization, and Carl Rogers's theory of self-concept, emphasizing congruence between an individual's real and ideal self.
Step-by-step explanation:
The two main theories under humanistic psychology are Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs and Carl Rogers's theory of self-concept. Maslow's theory emphasizes the motivation to fulfill a hierarchy of needs that lead to self-actualization, where a person reaches their fullest potential.
Rogers's focus was on the importance of self-concept, which encompasses the real and ideal self, stressing that congruence between these two aspects of self leads to a healthy and productive life.
Both theorists placed a strong emphasis on the growth potential of healthy individuals, free will, and self-determination, with the goal for each person to become the best they can be.
The humanistic approach in psychology emerged as a response to the deterministic views of psychoanalysis and the behaviorists' notion of people as reactive to their environment, advocating for a deeper recognition of human experience and the capacity for self-directed change.