Final answer:
The capsular pattern of a joint refers to a characteristic pattern of restriction that occurs when the articular capsule surrounding the joint is inflamed. For the shoulder joint (glenohumeral), the capsular pattern typically presents as greatest loss of external rotation, followed by abduction, and then internal rotation. For the elbow joint (radiohumeral), capsular patterns often show restriction in flexion, extension, supination, and pronation.
Step-by-step explanation:
The capsular pattern of the radiohumeral joint, which is part of the elbow, generally involves a limitation of movement in a specific order: flexion, extension, supination, and pronation. However, when asking about the glenohumeral (shoulder) joint, it is a multiaxial ball-and-socket joint that allows for a range of motions including flexion/extension, abduction/adduction, circumduction, and medial/lateral rotation. The primary support for the glenohumeral joint is provided by the muscles crossing the joint, whose tendons form the rotator cuff. Additionally, the glenohumeral ligaments and the coracohumeral ligament provide support, especially when the arm is moved to the extremes of its range. The glenoid labrum also deepens the cavity to aid stability.