Final answer:
It is true that Darwin observed variations among organisms on the different Galápagos Islands, which contributed to his theory of natural selection and the origin of species.
Step-by-step explanation:
In Charles Darwin's observations, it is true that the characteristics of many organisms varied notably among the different Galápagos Islands. During his voyage on the H.M.S. Beagle, Darwin noticed, for instance, that giant tortoises had different shell shapes depending on their island of origin - some had saddle-shaped shells while others had dome-shaped shells. This variation helped the tortoises adapt to different environments on the islands. Similarly, Darwin observed that the Galápagos finches exhibited a variety of beak shapes and sizes, which were adaptations to the specific types of food available on each island.The diversity in traits such as beak size in finches and shell shape in tortoises led Darwin to develop his groundbreaking theory on the origin of species and natural selection. He hypothesized that organisms evolve over time to develop beneficial traits that allow them to better survive and reproduce in their particular environments. These observations were pivotal in forming the foundation of evolutionary biology as we understand it today.