Final answer:
The correct answer is the cognitive-appraisal theory, which states that our emotions are determined by our cognitive appraisal or interpretation of a situation. This contrasts with other theories that focus on the role of physiological arousal or a combination of both arousal and appraisal in emotional experience.
The correct answer is e.
Step-by-step explanation:
An interpretation or appraisal of a situation as having a positive or negative impact on your life resulting in a subjective feeling is called the cognitive-appraisal theory.
This theory posits that our emotional experience is dependent on our appraisal or evaluation of a situation.
Before we experience emotion, we have thoughts about the situation; if the thoughts are positive, we are likely to feel positive emotions, and if they are negative, we are likely to feel negative emotions.
Much like Lazarus's cognitive-mediational theory, the cognitive-appraisal theory emphasizes that appraisal mediates between the stimulus and the emotional response and often occurs unconsciously.
We determine the impact of a situation through this appraisal. For example, if you're asked to give a lecture, you might feel excited if you enjoy public speaking, or anxious if you do not.
This theory is distinct from other theories of emotion, such as the James-Lange theory, which suggests that physiological arousal comes before emotional experience, and the Cannon-Bard theory, which claims that emotional experience and physiological arousal occur simultaneously yet independently.
The Schachter-Singer two-factor theory integrates both arousal and cognitive appraisal, suggesting that both are necessary for an emotional experience.
The correct answer is e.