Final answer:
The statement is false because it excludes natural gas, a major energy source, and does not account for renewable energy sources like wind and solar.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question is whether it's true or false that nearly all of the energy consumed today is provided by petroleum, coal, hydropower, and nuclear sources. Based on the information provided, this statement can be considered false since it does not include natural gas, which is a significant source of energy along with the others mentioned. Approximately 80% of the energy we use comes from the combustion of fossil fuels, which include not only petroleum and coal but also natural gas. Additionally, non-renewable sources like nuclear energy contribute to the world's energy consumption, though to a lesser extent. Renewable energy sources such as wind and solar are also part of the energy mix, although their contributions are currently smaller compared to fossil fuels.