Final answer:
Contact dermatitis is the homeostatic imbalance caused by skin exposure to chemicals, involving an inflammatory reaction of the skin due to external irritants or allergens.
Step-by-step explanation:
Among the options presented, the homeostatic imbalance caused by skin exposure to chemicals is c) Contact dermatitis. Contact dermatitis is an inflammatory reaction of the skin that occurs when the dermal layer comes into contact with an irritant or allergen. Chemicals can act as these irritants or allergens leading to symptoms that may include redness, itching, and blistering. Common examples include reactions to certain soaps, lotions, or industrial chemicals.
In contrast, hyperglycemia is a condition characterized by an excessive amount of glucose in the blood and is typically associated with diabetes, particularly type 1 diabetes where the pancreas fails to produce adequate insulin. Hyperkalemia refers to a high level of potassium in the blood and can be related to kidney function but not directly to skin contact with chemicals. Lastly, hypertension is high blood pressure and is also not caused by chemical exposure through the skin.
Homeostatic imbalances can lead to various diseases, and while contact with chemicals can lead to localized reactions like contact dermatitis, systemic effects such as hyperglycemia or hypertension typically involve internal dysfunctions or other environmental factors.