Final answer:
The distal row of carpal bones consists of the trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, and hamate, from lateral to medial. The hamate is distinctive due to its hook-like extension. These bones play a vital role in hand movement and wrist articulation.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Distal Row of Carpal Bones
The carpal bones at the base of the hand are arranged into two rows, with the bones in the distal row being critical for wrist articulation and hand movement. These four distal carpal bones are, from lateral (thumb side) to medial (pinky side): the trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, and hamate bones. The hamate is notable for having a hook-like extension on its anterior side called the hook of the hamate. Together with the proximal row, these bones form the midcarpal joint and articulate with the metacarpal bones of the hand, allowing for various movements of the wrist and fingers.