Final answer:
Cognition encompasses various processes of thinking, perception, knowledge, problem solving, judgment, language, and memory. Intelligence is a complex construct studied by cognitive psychologists, and one theory is the Cattell-Horn-Carroll (CHC) theory. Analytical intelligence is closely aligned with academic problem-solving and computations.
Step-by-step explanation:
Cognition encompasses the various processes of thinking, perception, knowledge, problem solving, judgment, language, and memory. These processes are constantly occurring in our brains, even though we may not always be aware of them. Cognitive psychologists study intelligence to understand how it varies among individuals, what types of behaviors promote success, and how intelligence can be measured.
Intelligence is a complex construct and can be approached from different perspectives. One comprehensive theory of intelligence is the Cattell-Horn-Carroll (CHC) theory, which suggests that intelligence is composed of general abilities at the top of the hierarchy, broad abilities in the middle, and specific forms of cognitive abilities at the bottom.
For example, analytical intelligence is aligned with academic problem solving and computations. It involves the ability to analyze, evaluate, judge, compare, and contrast. Analytical intelligence is demonstrated when analyzing motives in a novel, studying processes in anatomy, or solving a challenging math problem.