Final answer:
The outcome of Pakistan's 1971 civil war was the creation of the independent country of Bangladesh, following the separation from West Pakistan.
Step-by-step explanation:
The outcome of Pakistan's 1971 civil war was the separation of East Pakistan and its emergence as an independent nation named Bangladesh. Prior to the civil war, Pakistan, composed of East and West Pakistan, was a united entity under one central government despite being over 900 miles apart and having distinct ethnic populations. The civil war, which was influenced by both internal strife and an external conflict known as the Indo-Pakistan War, lasted approximately three months and concluded with the establishment of two sovereign countries: Pakistan, formerly known as West Pakistan, and Bangladesh, formerly known as East Pakistan. More than one million people died in the conflict, which has had a lasting impact on the political relations between Pakistan, India, and Bangladesh.