Final answer:
An individual participating in philanthropic work in Africa, according to Maslow's hierarchy, would likely be at the fifth level or above, focusing on self-actualization or the later proposed self-transcendence level.
Step-by-step explanation:
According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, an individual who quits his job to move to Africa for philanthropic work is likely operating at the fifth level, known as self-actualization. This level refers to achieving one's full potential and includes pursuits that are focused on personal growth and fulfillment beyond the self, as such philanthropic efforts usually indicate a dedication to a cause greater than one's own personal needs. However, Maslow later proposed an additional level above self-actualization known as self-transcendence, where individuals seek to further transcend the self by focusing on altruism and spirituality. A person engaging in philanthropic work might be motivated by self-transcendence, striving for meaning and purpose beyond themselves, exemplifying higher-level motives that transcend personal needs.