Final answer:
Among the options provided, (D) - a man reciting detailed directions - best exemplifies a cognitive map, as it shows an understanding of a physical space and the ability to navigate it.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question asks which scenario is the best example of a cognitive map. A cognitive map is a mental representation of one's physical environment. Among the given options, (D) When asked for directions to his job, a man recites them in great detail, is the correct answer. This is because it demonstrates the man's ability to visualize and articulate the layout of the paths and landmarks between two points, reflecting the concept of a cognitive map as investigated by Edward Tolman with rats and mazes.
Other options, while related to memory or learning, do not directly illustrate the concept of a cognitive map, which entails more complex spatial awareness and the ability to navigate an environment. A cognitive map helps in predicting what's around a corner or deciding whether to turn left or right to exit a building, much like the strategically placed visual cues as suggested by psychologist Laura Carlson.