Final answer:
The hippocampus is the part of the brain responsible for the ability to transfer declarative information from short-term to long-term memory.
Step-by-step explanation:
The ability to transfer information from short-term memory (STM) to long-term memory (LTM) depends on the activity in the hippocampus. The hippocampus is a critical structure for the consolidation of declarative memory, which includes facts and events, into long-term storage. Research, including the case of patient HM, has shown that the hippocampus is involved in transferring new learning into long-term storage and is essential for forming new declarative memories.
While the amygdala is also involved in memory by regulating emotional aspects and the consolidation of emotionally charged memories, and the thalamus acts as a sensory relay station, it is the hippocampus that plays a crucial role in the processing of STM into LTM.