Final answer:
The difference between crystallized and fluid intelligence is that crystallized intelligence involves acquired knowledge and retrieving information, while fluid intelligence includes problem-solving and the ability to see complex relationships.
Therefore, the answer to the student's question is (B): Crystallized intelligence is the ability to absorb and retain information, while fluid intelligence refers to problem-solving abilities.
Step-by-step explanation:
The major difference between crystallized intelligence and fluid intelligence, according to Raymond Cattell's theory, is as follows: Crystallized intelligence is characterized by acquired knowledge and the ability to retrieve it. It involves learning, remembering, and recalling information, which is crucial in coursework and daily problem-solving that involve concrete, straightforward problems. On the other hand, fluid intelligence encompasses the ability to see complex relationships and solve problems that are abstract or unfamiliar, tapping into information processing abilities, reasoning, and working memory.
Therefore, the answer to the student's question is (B): Crystallized intelligence is the ability to absorb and retain information, while fluid intelligence refers to problem-solving abilities.