Final answer:
The correct name for memory files with related information on a topic is schemas. These are mental constructs that consist of clusters of related concepts, helping in organizing and processing information efficiently.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct name of the memory files that contain related information about a specific topic or category is schemas (Option E). A schema is a mental construct consisting of a cluster or collection of related concepts. In the context of memory and cognition, schemas are frameworks that organize and interpret information in the brain, making information processing more efficient. When a schema is activated, the brain uses this structured cluster of information to make immediate assumptions, thus enabling quicker recall and understanding of new information encountered.
For instance, when thinking of a word like "peanut butter", one might immediately think of "jelly" due to a pre-existing schema where these concepts are linked. This demonstrates how our memories are organized within semantic networks, and how activating one part of this network can make it easier to access associated concepts due to spreading activation. This is crucial in memory retrieval, where one concept could help pull up related memories and knowledge.