Final answer:
Efferent neurons, also known as motor neurons, carry information away from the spinal cord to produce responses in muscles or organs.
Step-by-step explanation:
Neurons that carry information away from the spinal cord to produce responses in various muscles or organs throughout the body are called efferent neurons. These neurons are also known as motor neurons. Motor neurons transmit nerve impulses from the central nervous system to the effector organs such as muscles and glands.