Final answer:
Vacuoles are typically larger than vesicles and can serve specialized functions within various cell types, including storage and breakdown of macromolecules.
Step-by-step explanation:
Vacuoles differ from vesicles primarily in two ways: vacuoles are generally larger than vesicles and can be specialized for various functions in different types of cells. While vesicles are involved in transport and can fuse with other membranes within the cell, vacuoles, particularly in plant cells, can contain enzymes to break down macromolecules and may not fuse with other cellular components. Some cells may have contractile vacuoles, which help to expel water and maintain cellular homeostasis.