Final answer:
The 10th Amendment grants states reserved powers, which are authorities not expressly delegated to the federal government or forbidden to the states by the Constitution.
Step-by-step explanation:
To protect against the power of the national government, the 10th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution grants the states reserved powers. These are powers not explicitly delegated to the federal government by the Constitution nor prohibited by it to the states. The Tenth Amendment specifies that "The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people." Consequently, it provides a framework for states to maintain sovereign authority over matters not outlined or restricted by the Constitution, such as regulating marriage, education, and public health and safety.