Final answer:
The normal resting cardiac output (CO) for the average person is approximately 5.25 L/min, with a range of 4.0-8.0 L/min. It is influenced by factors such as heart rate and stroke volume. During exercise, both heart rate and stroke volume can increase, leading to a higher cardiac output.
Step-by-step explanation:
The normal resting cardiac output (CO) for the average person is approximately 5.25 L/min, with a range of 4.0-8.0 L/min. It is important to note that these numbers refer to CO from each ventricle separately, not the total for the heart. Factors influencing CO include heart rate (HR) and stroke volume (SV).
In healthy individuals, the average resting HR is approximately 75 bpm, but it can range from 60-100 bpm. The average resting SV is around 70 mL, with a normal range of 55-100 mL. During exercise, both HR and SV can increase, leading to a higher CO. For example, during peak performance, top cardiovascular athletes can increase resting CO by 7-8 times.
Overall, CO is influenced by various factors and can vary among individuals. It is important to consider individual characteristics and physiological conditions when evaluating cardiac output.