Final answer:
To check sanitizer concentration, calculate the ratio of active ingredient to total solution volume or mass. In professional settings, such as pharmaceutical companies, quality control chemists use precise measurements to ensure proper dosing, essential for health and safety. Mass percentage, actual volume dispensed, and precision are important factors in these processes.
Step-by-step explanation:
To check the concentration of a sanitizer when mixing it, a person should measure the mass or volume of the active ingredient and divide it by the total mass or volume of the solution. In the context of a commercial product like bleach, which may advertise a sodium hypochlorite concentration of 7.4%, this means that 100g of bleach contains 7.4g of the active ingredient. In a pharmaceutical setting, accuracy and precision are crucial when checking sanitizer concentrations, as an incorrect dosage can have serious implications for health and safety. Quality control chemists may verify the concentration of a liquid by using measuring instruments to determine the volume dispensed and then calculate the concentration of the active ingredient. For instance, a quality control chemist might fill multiple bottles using a machine and record the actual volume dispensed to ensure it meets the desired concentration levels.
Additionally, when mixing different solutions such as Na₂SO₄ and Ba²⁺, chemists will perform calculations based on the total number of moles of the ions involved and the final volume of the solution to determine the new concentrations and to check if a precipitate forms by comparing the ion product to the solubility product constant (Ksp).