Final answer:
Clastic sedimentary rocks form at or near Earth's surface by the cementing of grains and precipitation from water.
Step-by-step explanation:
Sedimentary rocks that form at or near earth's surface by the cementing of grains and precipitation from water are called clastic sedimentary rocks.
These rocks are formed when pre-existing rocks undergo weathering and erosion, and the resulting particles settle out of water or air. Examples of clastic sedimentary rocks include sandstone, mudstone, shale, and conglomerate.