Final answer:
b. Aversive therapy is a classically conditioned therapy that uses repeated pairings of negative effects to decrease or stop a behavior.
Step-by-step explanation:
b. Aversive therapy refers to a classically conditioned therapy based on the theory that repeated pairings of negative effects lead to extinction. It involves associating an undesirable stimulus with a behavior to decrease or stop the behavior.
For example, someone with a smoking addiction may undergo aversive therapy by pairing smoking with a negative consequence, such as receiving an unpleasant taste or smell.