Final answer:
The force applied on the grocery cart by the shopper is determined using Newton's second law (F = ma), which calculates to be 54 newtons.
Step-by-step explanation:
To calculate the force applied by a shopper on a grocery cart, we use Newton's second law of motion, which states that the force applied to an object is equal to the mass of the object multiplied by its acceleration (F = ma). In this case, the mass of the grocery cart is 18 kg and the acceleration is 3 m/s2. By multiplying these values, we get the force applied:
Force (F) = mass (m) × acceleration (a)
Force (F) = 18 kg × 3 m/s2
Force (F) = 54 N
The force applied on the cart by the shopper is 54 newtons.