Question

336. When adolescents were asked about their major concerns for their future,

top answers on their lists were getting married, having friends, getting a
job, and doing well in school. Each of these concerns involves the ability to
understand abstract thought and concepts. According to Jean Piaget, what
stage of cognitive learning is this?
(A) Sensorimotor
(B) Preoperational
(C) Operational
(D) Formal operational
(E) Postoperational
337. While at her friend's party, Angelica begins to feel self-conscious because
she assumes everyone is staring at her. According to David Elkind, what
adolescent belief is Angelica feeling?
(A) Imaginary audience
(B) Personal fable
(C) Awkwardness
(D) Insecure attachment
(E) Imaginary person

Answer 1

Adolescents concerned with abstract future-oriented concepts like marriage and career are in Piaget's formal operational stage. Angelica's self-consciousness, assuming others are staring at her, is an example of the imaginary audience phenomenon described by Elkind.

Step-by-step explanation:

According to Jean Piaget's developmental theory, adolescents who are concerned with future-oriented concepts such as getting married, having friends, getting a job, and doing well in school are in the formal operational stage of cognitive development. This stage typically begins around age 11 and up. Adolescents in this stage have the ability to think abstractly and deal with hypothetical situations.

David Elkind described adolescent egocentrism, which manifests in behaviors like feeling overly self-conscious. A specific form of this egocentrism is the imaginary audience phenomenon, where an adolescent, like Angelica at her friend's party, believes that others are as focused on them as they are on themselves.