Final answer:
A project shut down due to external factors beyond the control of the project team is known as a Premature closure.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of project closure described in the question, where external circumstances lead to a project being shut down, is referred to as a Premature closure. This occurs when a project ends before it is completed due to factors outside the project team's control. It's different from a project that is closed because it met its objectives (Normal closure), a project that ends due to ongoing or unattainable goals (Perpetual closure), a project that ends due to a shift in an organization's priorities (Changed priority), or one that is shut down due to failure in achieving its goals (Failed project).