Question

What does spirometry measure? Define the following terms: tidal volume, inspiratory reserve volume, expiratory reserve volume, residual volume. Why are these reserve volumes necessary? What is vital capacity?

Answer 1

Spirometry measures various respiratory volumes, including tidal volume, inspiratory reserve volume, expiratory reserve volume, and residual volume.

Step-by-step explanation:

Tidal volume (TV) measures the amount of air that is inspired and expired during normal breathing, typically around 500 milliliters.

Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV) measures the extra amount of air that can be inhaled after a normal inhalation, while expiratory reserve volume (ERV) measures the additional amount of air that can be exhaled after a normal exhalation.

Residual volume (RV) is the amount of air that remains in the lungs after a maximal exhalation, preventing lung collapse and allowing for a continuous exchange of respiratory gases. These reserve volumes are necessary to maintain proper lung function and prevent lung collapse.

Vital capacity (VC) is the maximum amount of air that can be inhaled or exhaled during a respiratory cycle. It is the sum of the inspiratory reserve volume, tidal volume, and expiratory reserve volume.