Final answer:
Belize is the country at the base of the Yucatan Peninsula, bordered by Mexico to the north and Guatemala to the south, forming part of the historical Mesoamerica where the Mayan Empire once thrived.
Step-by-step explanation:
The country bordered by Mexico to the north, and by Guatemala to the south, situated at the base of the Yucatan Peninsula, is Belize. Belize is a part of the region historically known as Mesoamerica, an area that included several pre-Columbian civilizations such as the Maya and the Aztec.
The Mayan Empire is notably linked to today's southern Mexico and Central America, characterized by remarkable structures including flat-top pyramids and cities that intertwined with the jungle.