Final answer:
The state that has the Gulf of Mexico, Padre Island, the world's longest barrier islands, the second largest island in the contiguous US (South Padre Island), and Laguna Madre is Texas.
Step-by-step explanation:
The state that has the Gulf of Mexico, Padre Island, the world's longest barrier islands, the second largest island in the contiguous US (South Padre Island), and Laguna Madre is Texas. Texas is located in the southern United States and is bordered by the Gulf of Mexico. It is known for its diverse geography, including coastal areas, barrier islands, and inland lakes.