Final answer:
The capital of Maryland is Annapolis, situated at the mouth of the Severn River where it enters the Chesapeake Bay. Annapolis has significant historical roots in the colonization of Maryland and is part of the Chesapeake Bay's diverse ecosystem, which faces ecological challenges.
Step-by-step explanation:
The capital of Maryland is Annapolis, which is located where the Severn River empties into the Chesapeake Bay.
This historical city served as a pivotal location during the early settlement of the Chesapeake colonies, when George Calvert, the first Lord Baltimore, and later his son, established Maryland as a haven for English Catholics and a site for tobacco cultivation.
Annapolis is not just the political hub but also a reflection of the complex environmental tapestry that is the Chesapeake Bay, which is now a distressed ecosystem with identified declining species due to man-made impacts.