Final Answer:
Root functions include macronutrients which are nitrogen and phosphorus used by plants in large quantities, so the correct option is 1) nitrogen and phosphorus
Step-by-step explanation:
Plants require macronutrients in large quantities for their growth and development. Among the options provided, nitrogen and phosphorus are the key elements obtained by plants through their root functions.
Nitrogen is essential for the synthesis of proteins, nucleic acids, and chlorophyll, crucial for plant structure and photosynthesis. Phosphorus plays a vital role in energy transfer, DNA, and RNA synthesis, promoting root development and flowering.
These two macronutrients are fundamental for plant health, and their uptake through roots ensures proper nutrient balance, contributing to robust and productive plant growth.
The other options, carbon and oxygen, potassium and calcium, and iron and magnesium, are also important for plants but are not classified as macronutrients or are required in lesser quantities compared to nitrogen and phosphorus.
Therefore, the correct answer is nitrogen and phosphorus as essential macronutrients for plants.
Root functions include macronutrients which are nitrogen and phosphorus used by plants in large quantities, so the correct option is 1) nitrogen and phosphorus.