Final answer:
The concept of public speaking as a science rather than techne is not attributed to one individual but is part of an evolving understanding of rhetoric. Greek philosophers laid groundwork with an emphasis on audience awareness and rhetorical appeals, and over time, rhetorical theory has integrated more scientific principles, reflective of the scientific method established by figures like Sir Francis Bacon.
Step-by-step explanation:
The description of public speaking as a science rather than techne doesn't attribute to a single historical figure but is rather a concept that evolved over time. The transition from rhetoric, considered an art of persuasion, to a more systematic practice occurred gradually. With figures like Aristotle analyzing rhetoric philosophically in his work Rhetoric, and later Sir Francis Bacon defining the scientific method, the way public speaking and rhetoric were approached did start to incorporate more scientific methods. However, the direct description of public speaking as a science in a manner similar to techne does not originate from a specific individual but rather emerges from the contrast and development of both areas over time.
The Greek philosophers did indeed lay the groundwork for public speaking techniques over 2,000 years ago, emphasizing factors such as audience awareness and rhetorical appeals, and over time the art of oration has melded with scientific principles. In ancient times, philosophers like Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle critically examined persuasion and dialogue, with Aristotle providing a foundational analysis of rhetorical strategies. In the subsequent evolution of rhetorical theory, we see an approach that increasingly relies on empirical observation and logical consistency, reflecting characteristics of the scientific method as pioneered by figures like Bacon.