Final answer:
The upper respiratory tract includes the nasal cavity, pharynx, and larynx, which filters and moistens inhaled air. The respiratory system's main function is to exchange gases, particularly oxygen and carbon dioxide, between the body and the external environment.
Step-by-step explanation:
Anatomy of the Upper Respiratory System
The upper respiratory tract constitutes the first part of the respiratory system through which air enters the body. It involves structures such as the nasal cavity, pharynx, and larynx. The primary function of the upper respiratory tract is to filter, warm, and moisten the air we breathe. The nares, or nostrils, lead into the nasal cavity, which contains hairs and mucus to trap particles and prevent them from reaching the lungs. The sinus cavities are connected to the nasal cavity and along with the nasopharynx, assist in the process of breathing and act as a resonance chamber for speech.
Function of the Respiratory System
The main function of the respiratory system is to deliver oxygen to the blood and remove carbon dioxide. The exchange of gases is facilitated in the lungs where alveoli allow a large surface area for oxygen to pass into the blood and for carbon dioxide to be expelled. Respiration also includes the process of inhaling oxygen and exhaling carbon dioxide through the respiratory tract.